Overview

The nature and scope of adult education and vocational training is determined mainly by socio-cultural, economic and political factors. A substantial role is played not only by an educational status of the population (see Chapter 1 on Political, Social and Economic Background and Trends) or the needs of the national economy and the labour market, but also by the fact to what extent are these needs reflected in valid legislation, public administration, the school system, and how they are perceived by employers and citizens themselves.

The main reason for an increasing importance of further education is the need to acquire new knowledge and new skills arising from the necessity of continuing adaptation to changing life conditions, both in working and private spheres. The most significant part of the educational activities is related to work; however, improving of knowledge and skills in the area of personal interests is also a frequent motive of the participation in further education.

According to the results of the Labour Force Survey, the participation rates have been changing during the last few years. While within the EU28 an increasing tendency has been noticeable since 2011, in the Czech Republic the participation rates have been decreasing since then. While 11.6 % of the Czech population participated in further education in 2011, it was only 9.6 % in 2014 and the results for 2016 show 8.6 % of participating population only (see the picture below).

Participation rates (%) of adult population in continuing education in the Czech Republic and EU in the period 2008–2018

Source: Eurostat and MEYS

Adult education covers the field of general, vocational and civic education, and interest-based learning. As well as lifelong learning, adult education can be also divided into formal, non-formal and informal.

Further education and vocational training is provided by upper secondary schools (střední školy) and higher education institutions (vysoké školy), employer organisations, public administration and self-government bodies and their educational institutions, non-profit organisations and professional and commercial entities.

Under the Act No.179/2006, on Verification and Recognition of Further Education Results and on the Amendment to Some Other Acts, applicants have a possibility to verify their knowledge and skills acquired outside formal education (e.g. through various courses, self-study, practical training etc.).

The adult education area is covered by a number of different national strategic documents and regulations.