As there are no vocational secondary schools in Liechtenstein, students need to attend schools in neighbouring countries as Switzerland and Austria. Pupil assessment is carried out by the individual institutions. The following types of certification are issued at the end of an apprenticeship programme:

• 3 to 4-year vocational apprenticeship with a certificate of professional competence
• 2-year vocational apprenticeship with a vocational testimonial
• 1-year basic apprenticeship with written confirmation of this.